The Gunas or the properties of Doshas are related with their functions or karma. Following are a few examples of Guna of a Dosha and the manifestations which these can recognize Gunas.

Vata:

Dry: It resembles dryness of skin and dull hair
Quick: Quick ability to learn, restless in activity, impulsive mind, impulsive nature, short sleep, and fast speech.
Cold: Cold increases Vata, In winter season the incidence of Vataj Hridroga(Heart attacks) increases.
Light: Fasting for several days increase Vata and makes body light.

Pitta :

Hot: Leads to inflammation, fever, flushed hot skin, short temper and anger.
Sharp: Sharp body and mind, speech, sharp learning ability.
Moist: Sweating.
Fluid: Pitta is in a liquid state for example like juices from stomach and pancreas.
Sour: Bad breath, body odor are a result of this property of Pitta.
Bright & Shiny: Brightness and shine in the body is related with Pitta. It is Pitta which gives the body shiny luster and brightness.

Kapha:

Heavy: Heaviness is associated with Kapha, Whenever we are consuming sweets in a large quantity, we feel heavy. In fact this is the most important property of Kapha.
Sweat: Sweet things increase Kapha thereby manifesting in the vitiation of Kapha Dosha. Increase in weight is the function assigned to sweetness of Kapha.
Soft: It resembles soft hair and soft skin.
Slow: Sluggishness in work, slow but steady learning process and longevity of life.

Each Dosha is further divided into five types depending on the place where it is located (site) and the functions(action) it carries out.

1. Prana Vayu(Vata) : Site- Brain, Nose, Throat

Site of action: Head is the vital performer of Vata, Prana Vayu performs vital function of respiration with the help of Udana, ingestion of food, intelligence, Heart functions emotions and all the sense stimulation come under direct control of this type.

2. Uadana Vayu - Site- Chest and throat.

Site of action - Nose, Umbilical region and throat
It acts in upward direction. It is mainly associated with orientation of speech. Production of energy and power in the body are linked with Udana Vayu. It is primarily related with regulation of respiration.

3. Samana Vayu: Site-Gastrointestinal tract.

Site of action: Gastrointestinal tract.
Mixing of ingested food with digestive juices and enzymes that are required to act on food material is the prime function of this type. Samana Vayu is also doing regulating peristaltic movements and regulating the appropriate secretion of juices into the digestive system.

4 Vyana Vayu: Site of action - Heart and whole body

This type of Vata performs various functions spread allover the body involving almost all systems and each and every cell. It performs the function of nerve impulse conduction and is responsible for the perception of touch by means of skin. Maintaining the rhythm of the heartbeats, dilatation and constriction of vessels are related with this type of Vata.

1. Apana Vayu: Site - Pelvis, Urinary Tract and the Reproductive system

Site of action : Pelvic Urinary Tract and Reproductive system. This acts in downward direction. It is responsible for elimination of waste products like urine and stool, for passage of menstruation bleed every month and for sexual functions.

Five types of Pitta, their properties and functions are as follows:

1. Pachak Pitta: Site- Gastrointestinal tract.

The juices, enzymes and various acids involved in the process of digestion contribute to Pachak Pitta.

2. Ranjaka Pitta : Site-Liver, spleen, lower part of stomach.

The complex process of production of blood cells, balancing blood chemistry and all those activities which are responsible for giving pigmentation whether to the skin or the red color to the blood are all carried out by Ranjaka Pitta.

3. Aalochaka Pitta : Site- Eyes.

Maintaining good Sight and Vision is the primary job of this type of Aalochaka Pitta. It performs the actual process of vision. Any vision related disorder irrespective of anatomical structure involved is associated with this type.

4 Sadhaka Pitta: Site-Heart.

Balances the functions of heart in case of emotional distress. The feelings of anger, happiness, love and devotion are associated with Sadhaka Pitta.

5. Bhrajaka Pitta: Site- Skin

The natural glow, luster, color and brightness of skin are the functions attributed to Bhrajaka Pitta.

The primary functions of Kapha are structural stability and to bring about moistness/lubrication. Kapha generally acts as lubricating and/or insulating material between the surfaces where maximum friction is expected. The different types are as under:

1. Kledaka Kapha: Site- Stomach

This type of Kapha has its seat between the inner linings of the mucous membranes of the stomach. It generally lubricates the food, helps them to mix with juices. It forms a protective covering over the inner line of gastric mucosa.

2. Avalambaka: Site-Chest, lungs and lower back.

This type of Kapha Dosha keeps the chest, lungs, and back very strong. It facilitates strong muscles and protects the heart.

3. Bodhaka Kapha: Site-Tongue

This type of Kapha i.e., Bodhaka Kapha helps in the identification of tastes. As a matter of fact taste sense is present only due to good functioning of Bodhaka Kapha. Salivation and primary lubrication of food are its prime functions.

4. Shleshaka: Site- Joints.

It lubricates every joint in the body. According to Ayurveda even the union among the cells also is the function of this type of Kapha. It keeps the joints and tissues soundly knit and well lubricated.

5. Tarpaka Kapha: Site-Head and sinus cavities.

Its major function is to keep the nose, mouth, eyes moist and well protected.